Remove support for PostgreSQL 13 (#19170)

This PR removes support for PostgreSQL 13 as it is deprecated
(tomorrow).
Uses https://github.com/element-hq/synapse/pull/18034 as a reference of
where to look, and also found a few other places that needed updating.
I didn't see anywhere in Complement that needs updating.
There is a companion Sytest PR deprecating psql13 over there:
https://github.com/matrix-org/sytest/pull/1418

### Pull Request Checklist

<!-- Please read
https://element-hq.github.io/synapse/latest/development/contributing_guide.html
before submitting your pull request -->

* [X] Pull request is based on the develop branch
* [X] Pull request includes a [changelog
file](https://element-hq.github.io/synapse/latest/development/contributing_guide.html#changelog).
The entry should:
- Be a short description of your change which makes sense to users.
"Fixed a bug that prevented receiving messages from other servers."
instead of "Moved X method from `EventStore` to `EventWorkerStore`.".
  - Use markdown where necessary, mostly for `code blocks`.
  - End with either a period (.) or an exclamation mark (!).
  - Start with a capital letter.
- Feel free to credit yourself, by adding a sentence "Contributed by
@github_username." or "Contributed by [Your Name]." to the end of the
entry.
* [X] [Code
style](https://element-hq.github.io/synapse/latest/code_style.html) is
correct (run the
[linters](https://element-hq.github.io/synapse/latest/development/contributing_guide.html#run-the-linters))

.ci/scripts/calculate_jobs.py

@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ trial_postgres_tests = [
     {
         "python-version": "3.10",
         "database": "postgres",
-        "postgres-version": "13",
+        "postgres-version": "14",
         "extras": "all",
     },
     {

.github/workflows/tests.yml

@@ -617,7 +617,7 @@ jobs:
       matrix:
         include:
           - python-version: "3.10"
-            postgres-version: "13"
+            postgres-version: "14"
 
           - python-version: "3.14"
             postgres-version: "17"

changelog.d/19170.removal

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Remove support for PostgreSQL 13.

docker/complement/Dockerfile

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ ARG SYNAPSE_VERSION=latest
 ARG FROM=matrixdotorg/synapse-workers:$SYNAPSE_VERSION
 ARG DEBIAN_VERSION=trixie
 
-FROM docker.io/library/postgres:13-${DEBIAN_VERSION} AS postgres_base
+FROM docker.io/library/postgres:14-${DEBIAN_VERSION} AS postgres_base
 
 FROM $FROM
 # First of all, we copy postgres server from the official postgres image,
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ RUN adduser --system --uid 999 postgres --home /var/lib/postgresql
 COPY --from=postgres_base /usr/lib/postgresql /usr/lib/postgresql
 COPY --from=postgres_base /usr/share/postgresql /usr/share/postgresql
 COPY --from=postgres_base --chown=postgres /var/run/postgresql /var/run/postgresql
-ENV PATH="${PATH}:/usr/lib/postgresql/13/bin"
+ENV PATH="${PATH}:/usr/lib/postgresql/14/bin"
 ENV PGDATA=/var/lib/postgresql/data
 
 # We also initialize the database at build time, rather than runtime, so that it's faster to spin up the image.

docs/upgrade.md

@@ -117,6 +117,14 @@ each upgrade are complete before moving on to the next upgrade, to avoid
 stacking them up. You can monitor the currently running background updates with
 [the Admin API](usage/administration/admin_api/background_updates.html#status).
 
+# Upgrading to v1.143.0
+
+## Dropping support for PostgreSQL 13
+
+In line with our [deprecation policy](deprecation_policy.md), we've dropped
+support for PostgreSQL 13, as it is no longer supported upstream.
+This release of Synapse requires PostgreSQL 14+.
+
 # Upgrading to v1.142.0
 
 ## Python 3.10+ is now required

synapse/storage/engines/postgres.py

@@ -99,8 +99,8 @@ class PostgresEngine(
         allow_unsafe_locale = self.config.get("allow_unsafe_locale", False)
 
         # Are we on a supported PostgreSQL version?
-        if not allow_outdated_version and self._version < 130000:
+        if not allow_outdated_version and self._version < 140000:
-            raise RuntimeError("Synapse requires PostgreSQL 13 or above.")
+            raise RuntimeError("Synapse requires PostgreSQL 14 or above.")
 
         with db_conn.cursor() as txn:
             txn.execute("SHOW SERVER_ENCODING")